BEGC 131
INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY
IGNOU BEGC 131 Solved Free Assignment
BEGC 131 Solved Free Assignment July 2024 & January 2025
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions in your own words
Q 1. Why there is no way to strictly limit the effects of plastic bags on the environment?
Ans. There is no way to strictly limit the effects of plastic bags on the environment because there is no effective disposal method that can completely eliminate the problem.
Even though reusing is an option, most people don’t do it, and once plastic bags are soiled, they are usually thrown away. These bags end up in landfills or are burned—both of which harm the environment.
Their extremely slow breakdown rate means they remain in the ecosystem for hundreds of years, causing long-term damage.
Q 2. How are plastic bags dangerous for the sea life?
Ans. Plastic bags are very dangerous for sea life, especially marine mammals, because they can be mistaken for food due to their size, shape, and texture.
When consumed, these bags can block airways or digestive tracts, leading to suffocation or starvation.
The increasing number of sea animals dying each year due to plastic bag ingestion disrupts the environmental balance of the waterways and affects all species within that ecosystem.
Q 3. Why it is difficult to recycle plastic bags?
Ans. It is difficult to recycle plastic bags because the plastic used in them does not melt down easily and is often unsuitable for reuse in its original form.
Recycling facilities require expensive upgrades to handle this type of plastic, and due to the lack of funding, less than 1% of plastic bags are actually recycled.
Most end up in landfills or are burned, adding to environmental pollution.
Q 4. What are the alternatives to plastic bags?
Ans. Alternatives to plastic bags include paper bags, reusable plastic bags, and cloth bags.
Reusable plastic bags are stronger and more durable, suitable for multiple uses, while cloth bags are gaining popularity among environmentally conscious consumers.
However, each alternative also has some environmental impact, such as deforestation in the case of paper bags.
Q 5. Give a suitable title to the passage.
Ans. “The Environmental Hazards of Plastic Bags and the Need for Sustainable Alternatives”
Q 2. Use the following words in sentences of your own:
1. Melange
Ans. Melange – The city market offered a delightful melange of aromas, colours, and sounds from every corner of the world.
2. Whooping
Ans. Whooping – The children let out a whooping cheer when their school trip to the amusement park was announced.
3. Elevation
Ans. Elevation – The elevation of the mountain peak provided a breathtaking view of the surrounding valleys.
4. legendary
Ans. Legendary – Sachin Tendulkar’s legendary cricket career continues to inspire young athletes across the globe.
5. Multicultural
Ans. Multicultural – Canada is known for its multicultural society, where people from various backgrounds live in harmony.
SECTION B
Q 1. Write a speech on the Protection of Wildlife.
Ans. Speech on the Protection of Wildlife
Good morning everyone,
Respected Principal, teachers, and my dear friends,
Today I stand before you to speak on a topic that holds great importance for all of us — the Protection of Wildlife.
Wildlife is not just about animals in forests or exotic creatures in documentaries.
It includes all living beings—birds, animals, insects, and even plants—that exist in their natural habitats and contribute to the balance of nature.
Sadly, due to human actions like deforestation, pollution, illegal hunting, and climate change, wildlife across the world is under serious threat.
Many species are becoming endangered, and some have already disappeared forever.
Why should we care about wildlife? Because every creature plays a specific role in the ecosystem. Birds control pests, bees help in pollination, tigers maintain the population of herbivores, and plants give us oxygen.
When we harm one part of the food chain, the whole balance gets disturbed, and eventually, it affects human life too.
Protecting wildlife is not only an environmental responsibility but also a moral one. These creatures have just as much right to live freely on this planet as we do.
Thankfully, steps are being taken—like the creation of wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, strict laws against poaching, and awareness campaigns. But rules and policies alone are not enough.
We, as individuals, must also act. We can stop using products made from animal parts, reduce plastic use, plant more trees, and educate others about the importance of wildlife.
Thank you.
Q 2. Write a dialogue between two friends discussing about the importance of the conservation of the environment.
Ans. Rahul: Hey Priya! Did you see that news report about rising pollution levels in our city? It’s getting worse every year.
Priya: Yes, Rahul. It’s really concerning. I think people still don’t realize how important it is to conserve the environment.
Rahul: Absolutely! If we keep exploiting nature like this, we’ll face serious problems—climate change, water shortage, and loss of biodiversity.
Priya: Exactly. Conservation isn’t just about saving trees and animals; it’s about protecting our own future. Clean air, fresh water, and healthy soil are all connected to our environment.
Rahul: I agree. Even small things like planting trees, reducing plastic use, and saving electricity can make a big difference.
Priya: True! We can also spread awareness. Sometimes people don’t act because they don’t understand how serious the situation is.
Rahul: That’s right. Schools should also teach students more about environmental issues. The earlier we start, the more responsible we become.
Priya: And let’s not forget – the Earth is not just for us. Future generations deserve a clean and safe environment too.
Rahul: Well said, Priya. Let’s do our part and encourage others too. Every step counts in conserving the environment.
Priya: Absolutely, Rahul! Together we can make a real difference.
Q 3. Write a report on the Celebration of Earth Day in your locality.
Ans. Date: 22nd April 2025
Location: ABC Nagar
Introduction:
Earth Day, celebrated annually on April 22nd, is an event that aims to raise awareness about environmental issues and encourage individuals to take action towards preserving the planet.
This year, our locality came together to observe Earth Day with various activities focused on environmental conservation and sustainability.
Events and Activities:
The celebration began early in the morning with a community clean-up drive organized by the local environmental club.
Volunteers from all age groups gathered at the community park to collect litter and dispose of waste in an eco-friendly manner.
The clean-up covered key areas of the locality, including streets, parks, and public spaces, ensuring that the community environment remained clean and safe.
In the afternoon, the local school students participated in an environmental awareness rally.
They carried posters with messages such as “Save Trees, Save Earth” and “Go Green, Go Clean.”
The rally proceeded through the main streets of our locality, with participants chanting slogans and engaging passers-by to join the cause of protecting the environment.
Another key event was the tree-planting drive organized by the local council.
The event took place at the newly developed community garden, where over 100 saplings of various native tree species were planted by residents, schoolchildren, and local environmentalists.
This initiative was aimed at improving the green cover in our area and promoting biodiversity.
Workshops and Seminars:
Later in the day, a workshop on waste management was conducted at the local community center.
Experts from environmental organizations spoke about reducing, reusing, and recycling waste, as well as how composting can be an effective way to reduce landfill waste.
The seminar encouraged the residents to adopt sustainable practices in their daily lives and minimize their environmental footprint.
A documentary screening about climate change and its impact on local ecosystems followed the workshop.
The documentary was followed by a lively discussion where participants shared their thoughts on what steps can be taken at the community level to combat climate change.
The Earth Day celebrations in our locality were a success, bringing together people of all ages to work towards a common goal: protecting and preserving the environment.
Through clean-up drives, tree-planting initiatives, and educational workshops, residents were not only educated about environmental issues but also empowered to make positive changes in their own lives.
The event ended with a sense of collective responsibility, reminding everyone that Earth Day is not just a one-day event, but a daily commitment to sustainability.
As the sun set on a beautiful day, it was clear that the spirit of Earth Day had left a lasting impact on the community. Let us continue to protect our environment every day, not just on Earth Day, for a greener, cleaner future.
Report by:
Sunil Poonia
SECTION C
Q 1. Imagine you are the manager of a hotel in Andaman Beach Resort. Write an email confirming the reservation of the accommodation to the customer.
Ans. Subject: Confirmation of Your Reservation at Andaman Beach Resort
Dear Rahul,
Greetings from Andaman Beach Resort!
I am delighted to confirm your reservation with us. We have successfully booked your accommodation as requested for your stay at our resort.
Reservation Details:
Guest Name: Rahul
Check-in Date: 25/3/2025
Check-out Date: 27/3/2025
Room Type: Single, Delux Room
Total Stay: 2
Reservation Number: 2367
We have also made a note of your special requests, if any, and our team will ensure that your stay is comfortable and memorable. If you have any further requests or need assistance, please feel free to reach out to us.
Should your plans change or if you need additional services, do not hesitate to contact us prior to your arrival.
We look forward to welcoming you to Andaman Beach Resort and ensuring you have a relaxing and enjoyable stay with us.
Warm regards,
Sanjog
Manager, Andaman Beach Resort
Q 2. Write an essay on impact of globalization on the environment.
Ans. Globalization, the process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among countries, economies, and cultures, has transformed the world in countless ways.
It has facilitated the movement of goods, services, information, and people across borders, fostering economic growth, technological advancement, and cultural exchange.
However, alongside these positive changes, globalization has also had a profound and often detrimental impact on the environment.
As nations become more integrated, the environmental consequences of this interconnectedness have become more apparent, raising concerns about sustainability and the long-term health of the planet.
Industrialization and Resource Depletion
One of the most significant environmental impacts of globalization is the increased industrialization it has triggered.
As companies seek to expand their markets and profits, industries have grown exponentially, especially in developing countries.
This industrial boom often leads to the over-exploitation of natural resources such as forests, water, and fossil fuels.
In particular, the demand for raw materials to fuel manufacturing processes has led to deforestation, soil degradation, and the depletion of freshwater resources.
The insatiable need for cheap labor and abundant resources has often resulted in unsustainable practices that prioritize short-term profits over long-term ecological stability.
Carbon Emissions and Climate Change
Globalization has also contributed to the rise in greenhouse gas emissions, which play a crucial role in driving climate change.
The rapid expansion of international trade has led to an increase in transportation, including the global shipping industry, air travel, and trucking.
These activities rely heavily on fossil fuels, and the emissions from burning these fuels are a significant contributor to global warming.
Moreover, the growth of industries in both developed and developing countries has led to higher levels of carbon emissions.
The growing demand for energy, coupled with the reliance on coal and oil, exacerbates the already severe effects of climate change, including rising temperatures, more frequent natural disasters, and disruptions to ecosystems.
Loss of Biodiversity
Another critical environmental issue associated with globalization is the loss of biodiversity.
As countries engage in global trade and economic competition, vast areas of natural habitat are destroyed to make way for agricultural expansion, urban development, and infrastructure projects.
The expansion of palm oil plantations, for instance, has been one of the major drivers of deforestation in tropical rainforests, particularly in Southeast Asia.
These forests are home to a wide variety of species, many of which are endangered.
As their habitats disappear, the survival of these species becomes increasingly threatened, leading to a loss of biodiversity.
The global nature of the trade in wildlife and plants also facilitates the introduction of invasive species, which further disrupt local ecosystems and contribute to the decline of native species.
Waste and Pollution
The global economy has led to an increase in the production of goods, and with that, a significant rise in waste and pollution.
As consumerism spreads worldwide, so does the generation of plastic waste, electronic waste, and industrial byproducts.
The rise in disposable products, driven by mass production and marketing strategies, has resulted in mountains of plastic waste that are often not properly disposed of, leading to landfills and polluted oceans.
The pollution caused by industrial activity, including the discharge of harmful chemicals into water bodies and the atmosphere, poses a severe threat to both human health and wildlife.
Global Supply Chains and Environmental Inequality
Globalization has also led to the establishment of global supply chains, where raw materials are sourced from one part of the world, processed in another, and consumed in yet another.
This interconnectedness has enabled goods to be produced more efficiently, but it has also shifted the environmental burden to countries with weaker environmental regulations.
Developing countries, in particular, are often exploited for their natural resources, and the environmental costs of production are borne by the local communities who suffer from pollution, deforestation, and habitat destruction.
Meanwhile, the consumers in developed countries enjoy the benefits of lower-cost goods without experiencing the environmental consequences directly.
Q 3. Imagine that your friend is visiting Delhi with her family. Write a letter to your friend suggesting a good hotel to stay in Delhi.
Ans. Ritika Sharma
C-102, Rosewood Apartments
Rajouri Garden, New Delhi – 110027
4th May 2025
Dear Meenal,
I hope you and your family are doing great! I was thrilled to hear that you’re planning a trip to Delhi soon.
It’s such a lively city with a beautiful mix of history, culture, and modernity. I’m sure you all will have a wonderful time exploring its charm.
As you asked for a hotel suggestion, I’d recommend The Imperial Hotel, located on Janpath Road. It’s one of the finest and most elegant hotels in Delhi. Not only is it centrally located, but it also offers top-class services and luxurious rooms.
It’s close to popular tourist spots like India Gate, Connaught Place, and Rashtrapati Bhavan, so you’ll save time traveling.
They also have excellent food options and a beautiful garden area where you can relax after a long day of sightseeing.
If you’re looking for something more budget-friendly, Bloomrooms @ New Delhi Railway Station is a great choice. It’s clean, cozy, and perfect for families. It’s also very close to the metro and railway station, which makes travelling around Delhi easy and hassle-free.
Let me know once your dates are fixed. If you want, I can help you with bookings or even take you around the city. Looking forward to seeing you soon!
Warm wishes to uncle and aunty.
With love,
Ritika
IGNOU BEGC 132 Solved Free Assignment