BPCS 183
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment July 2021 & Jan 2022
Assignment One
1 Define emotion. Explain the components and functions of emotions.
Ans:Emotion:
Emotions can also be termed as motivators of human behaviour (Feist and Rosenberg, 2015) and as such behaviour can be directed and activated by emotions as well (Nolen- Hoeksema et al, 2009).
Though, they do differ from the basic needs that we discussed under motivation (like hunger, thirst and so on) and are not as such linked to any specific needs, for example, hunger is as a result of need for food and thirst in similar way as is a need for water.
With regard to emotions there are a number of triggers, for example, sadness can be triggered as a result of number of triggers or needs like watching a sad movie, listening to a sad song and so on. Further, biological drives can be derailed by emotions.
Components of emotions:
Emotion can be termed as an episode that is complex as well as having multiple components. There are six main components of emotion process, these are discussed as follows: BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
Cognitive appraisal: The first component is cognitive appraisal. Here the situation is assessed based on the personal meaning.
For example, if a cricket team wins, there will be a cognitive appraisal with regard to the personal meaning of the situation, whether this individual supports this team or not.
Subjective experience: This is related to the affective state or the feeling tone that is brought by the emotion.
Thought and action tendencies: At this stage the individual will display an urge to think in a particular manner or take certain actions. For example, when an individual is angery, he/she may act in a manner that is aggressive.
Internal bodily changes: There are physiological reactions mainly involving the autonomic nervous system. Thus, there could be changes in heart rate or the individual may start perspiring. For example, when a person is angry, s/he may breath faster.
Facial expressions: In this there is movement in the facial landmarks like cheeks, lips, noses and so on. For example, when an individual is happy, he/she will smile.
Response to emotion: This is related to how an individual cope and react with one’s own emotions.
Functions of emotions:
From what has been discussed above, there must be no doubt in your mind that emotions are important. But, it is also important to understand the functions of emotions, that are discussed as follows:
Emotions prepare an individual for action: Emotions serve as a link between the situation and the individual’s reaction.
For example, if an individual is crossing a road and suddenly sees a truck coming his/ her, the emotional reaction that s/he would display, that of fear which would be linked with the physiological arousal. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
Emotions play a role in shaping of future behaviour of an individual: Learning takes place as a result of emotions experienced by us and thus for example, the situations that evoke negative emotions are avoided by us.
Emotions help in effective interaction with others: Emotions that are communicated via verbal and non verbal communications may help individuals to interact with each other more efficiently, because emotions act as signals thus helping individuals understand what the other person is experiencing.
Future behaviour of individuals can also be predicted based on this.
2 Discuss the concept and components of emotional intelligence.
Ans:Emotional intelligence:
Emotional intelligence is a set of emotional and social skills that influence the way we perceive and express ourselves, develop and maintain social relationships, cope with challenges, and use emotional information in an effective and meaningful way.
Several definitions of emotional intelligence have been proposed over the years.
Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand and manage your own emotions, and those of the people around you.
People with a high degree of emotional intelligence know what they’re feeling, what their emotions mean, and how these emotions can affect other people.
For leaders, having emotional intelligence is essential for success.
After all, who is more likely to succeed a leader who shouts at his team when he’s under stress, or a leader who stays in control, and calmly assesses the situation?
Some basic principles about emotions that are relevant to emotional intelligence are:
1 Emotions are information and present useful data about our worlds.
2 Decisions must incorporate emotions in order to be effective and lead to intended outcomes. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
For example, Reinhard & Schwartz (2012) have found that people in a less positive or even negative mood perceive truthful information more effectively than those in a positive mood.
3 We can try to ignore emotions but it doesn’t work, especially over long periods of time. Suppressing and hiding emotions takes up valuable mental energy that could have been directed at an important task and is highly stressful when continued for long.
4 We can try to hide emotions but are not as good at it as we might think.
Most people are able to read tiny, fleeting changes in emotional expressions and interpret them correctly, such as identifying a fake smile by noticing the lack of movement of the eye muscles while smiling.
Components of emotional intelligence:
Broadly, emotional intelligence can be viewed as having four interrelated components:
Perceiving emotions: This is the basic ability to register and recognise emotions in ourselves and other people.
People who are high in emotional intelligence are able to identify when they are experiencing a particular emotion and able to use their vocabulary to label the feeling.
For example, experiencing the sensation of “butterflies in the stomach” and knowing that they are feeling nervousness or anxiety.
Understanding emotions: This component refers to using the specific information that various emotions provide and knowing how that might affect their behavior.
As discussed earlier, each emotion conveys distinct data to individuals about their environment and energizes one for action in a particular direction.
Emotionally intelligent people are able to ‘read’ this information and use it to guide their behaviour. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
Managing emotions: When one recognises their emotions quickly and understands their meaning, it becomes relatively easier for them to think about the next steps regarding how to change them.
This applies to the self as well as others. Recognising that one is feeling low and wanting to change that emotion may encourage one to make plans to go out for a movie or meet a friend they enjoy talking to or just talk to the person over phone.
Using emotions: The ability to use one’s emotions is more than just dealing with or managing emotions.
It involves the skill of leveraging emotions to enhance our thinking, decision-making and relationships.
For example, concealing one’s nervousness about public speaking by using body language and hand gestures to show excitement instead so that the audience is more engaged.
3 Discuss the ability model of emotional intelligence.
Ans:Ability model of emotional intelligence:
The ability model is a four branch framework of emotional intelligence put forth by Mayer, Salovey& Caruso.
Mayer & Salover, in fact, first coined the term ’emotional intelligence’ in 1990. The four-branch model emerged from the need to define emotional intelligence in terms of an ability, rather than a trait or characteristic.
The researchers theorise that there are two types of broad intelligences- hot and cool.
Cool intelligence are those that pertain to knowledge that is not personal but is rather intellectual such as verbal-propositional intelligence, math abilities, and visual-spatial intelligence. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
Hot intelligences are personal because they have to do with processing personal information pertaining to “social acceptance, identity coherence, and emotional well-being”.
Mayer, Caruso &Salovey (2016) argue that while recurrent failures to process information related to these areas can lead to “psychic pain”, effective reasoning about feelings and social information can improve people’s coping capacities and functioning.
In their view, emotional intelligence is a type of broad, hot intelligence.
The emotional intelligence model of Mayer, Salovey and Caruso defines emotional intelligence as “the ability to perceive emotions, to access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional meanings, and to reflectively regulate emotions in ways that promote emotional and intellectual growth.”
According to this model, individuals vary in their ability to (i) process information of an emotional nature and (ii) relate emotional processing to a wider cognition.
Thus the ability model emphasizes on the emotional information – knowing and regulating the emotions, and at the same time the role of reasoning and other cognitive functioning in the accurate processing of this emotional information.
It is a step-wise developmental model of emotional intelligence from childhood to adulthood, proceeding from basic to more complex tasks involving increasing complex skills.
The four branches/tiers comprise:
Branch 1: Emotional Perception refers to the ability to identify emotions in faces and pictures. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
It involves recognising of emotions expressed through facial expressions and body language and is the most basic and early developing branch.
It helps the individual to perceive, apprise and express emotions in oneself and others. This helps in providing appropriate input to the cognitive system in the next tier.
Branch 2: Emotional Facilitation refers to the capacity of emotions to assist and aid thinking so that an individual can act in a planned manner.
It refers to the ability of facilitating thought with emotional inputs. Here emotional information are used to enhance, adjust and prioritize thinking, and facilitate
judgement and decision.
Branch 3: Emotional Understanding is about analysing and making sense of emotions by labelling them and differentiating among them.
It refers to the ability to understand the emotions, and the dynamics in their inter-relationship. Thus it involves abstract processing of the emotional information.
Branch 4: Emotional Management is the most complex and distinct from the others and focuses on utilising emotions to optimise reactions to one’s environment such as reframing and changing appraisals to regulate emotions.
It includes the ability to manage emotions to help in personal and interpersonal effectiveness.
Assignment Two
4 Describe the strategies to develop self-actualization.
Ans:Strategies to develop self-actualization:
Stop measuring yourself against others: Most of us have the tendency to measure our self-worth by comparing our accomplishments and abilities to those of the people around us.
Learn to accept yourself holistically: It’s so easy to become dissatisfied with who you are and what you have accomplished. Oftentimes, when you look in the mirror, it actually serves to increase the negativity with which you think about yourself.
Understand that you are in control: No matter how much influence an external factor might have on the people around you, the self-actualized remain unaffected.
Don’t stop growing: Those who self-actualize understand that the journey is never over. To self-actualize requires self-awareness, and self-awareness requires an understanding that there is no such thing as a finished product.
5 Discuss the relationship between emotions, thinking and behavior.
Ans:Relationship between emotions, thinking and behavior:
Recall a recent time when you were feeling happy and content. What was your view of the world during the time you were in this mood? Now try and remember a time when you were feeling upset and angry at something. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
How did you view the world during this time? It is likely that your perception of the world (including the people in it) was different during both these phases and influenced by whichever emotions were dominant at the time.
Chances are that you also behaved differently towards other people as a consequence. Emotions, thinking and behaviour are inextricably linked.
The relationship between them can best be explained through contemporary models of emotion Imagine that your friend suddenly shouts at you.
This is an emotional stimulus and encountering it may make you interpret or judge the outburst as “my friend is angry with me” or “my friend is rude”.
6 Explain self-control and describe strategies to develop self-control.
Ans:Self-control: Self-control is the ability to regulate and alter your responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals.
Research has shown that possessing selfcontrol can be important for health and well-being. Self-control strategies are cognitive and behavioral skills used by individuals to maintain self-motivation and achieve personal goals.
Initially the skills may be learned from a therapist, text, or self-help book.
Strategies to develop self-control:
Self-control strategies can be grouped into three broad categories:
Environmental Strategies: Environmental strategies involve changing times, places, or situations where one experiences problematic behavior.
Behavioral Strategies: Behavioral strategies involve changing the antecedents or consequences of a behavior. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
Cognitive Strategies: Cognitive strategies involve changing one’s thoughts or beliefs about a particular behavior.
7 Explain the importance of assertiveness.
Ans:Importance of assertiveness:
Being assertive means valuing your wants, needs, feelings, views, beliefs, and choices. You acknowledge their importance and consciously decide to make these things a priority.
Assertive people value their time and energy. They also have higher levels of confidence and self-worth.
Being assertive can also help alleviate confusion, decrease anxiety, and reduce conflict while interacting with others because your desires and interests will have been expressed clearly and directly.
Regardless of the field or organization you work in, every workplace has the same things in common. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
Each office will have its fair share of overbearing managers, bossy co-workers or even a difficult team, and the one way to effectively stand up to any of them is to be assertive.
This one skill can boost your self-esteem and have a positive impact on your workplace achievement and personal happiness.
8 Describe the strategies related to interpersonal aspect for improving emotional intelligence.
Ans:Strategies related to interpersonal aspect for improving emotional intelligence:
i) Developing empathy: Empathy as we know refers to putting ourselves in the shoes of others and to understand the things from their point of view.
ii) Developing effective communication skills: When we talk about improving our emotional intelligence skill,an important skill related to the interpersonal arena is listening skill.
iii) Enhancing decision making and problem solving ability: Problem solving as a component of one’s emotional intelligence can be defined as “the ability to identify and define problems as well as generate and implement potentially effective solutions”.
iv) Developing conflict management skill: Conflict arises when one party feels that her/his interests are not being met or are ignored, threatened, suppressed and are not valued. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
As a result, one may become aggressive in ensuring one’s interests or become submissive to the other person out of fear or feeling of inferiority and withdraw and avoid.
9 Discuss how El can be applied at the workplace.
Ans:Emotional intelligence can be applied at the workplace: Understanding what emotional intelligence is and why it’s so important in the workplace is crucial in today’s increasingly competitive world.
People are by nature emotional creatures, but only the emotionally intelligent can recognize emotions both their own and that of others and work with them to reach the best possible outcome for everyone.
The Importance of Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace: Emotionally intelligent people are far more likely to succeed at work.
Consider Daniel Goleman’s five pillars of emotional intelligence and how valuable these characteristics are in a professional:
Self-awareness: This is crucial in understanding one’s strengths and weaknesses, and it’s particularly useful when receiving feedback.
Self-regulation: This is an important characteristic which makes people capable of expressing themselves both openly and tactfully.
10 Describe the skills required to develop awareness and understanding of emotions in others.
Ans:Skills required to develop awareness and understanding of emotions in others:
1 Pick up emotional cues, often from body language, tone of voice, and other non-verbal elements of communication. For more about this, see our pages on Non-Verbal Communication and Body Language. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
2 Listen well to what people are saying, actively checking their understanding. You may find it helpful to read our pages on Active Listening, Clarifying and Reflecting.
3 Show sensitivity towards others, and understand their perspectives. They are careful not to give offence by saying or doing the wrong thing, and are aware that not everyone has the same point of view.
Our pages on Being Polite, Tact and Diplomacy and Intercultural Awareness may help you to develop this area of your skills.
4 Help other people appropriately, based on their understanding of their needs and emotions.
11 Discuss self-motivation as one of the emotional competence.
Ans:Self-motivation as one of the emotional competence:
Self-motivation includes our personal drive to improve and achieve, commitment to our goals, initiative, orreadiness to act on opportunities, and optimism and resilience.
Self-motivation and personal time management are key skills in this area. Do not make unreasonable demands on yourself, learn to be assertive rather than just saying, ‘Yes’ to the demands of others. BPCS 183 Free Solved Assignment
Self-motivation is an essential part of excelling at life. You must learn to motivate yourself because you cannot depend on others to do it for you.
You have to know how to encourage yourself regardless of how bad the situation. There are several keys to building self motivation.
- Work towards a cause.
- Don’t compare yourself to others.
- Make the conscious effort to not give up.
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